Curanderismo Soul Retrieval: Ancient Shamanic Wisdom to Restore the Sacred Energy of the Soul - Erika Buenaflor M.A. J.D. 2019
Endnotes
INTRODUCTION
1. Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 270—71; López-Austin, Human Body, 1:204—29.
2. Taube, “Gateways to Another World,” 76.
3. Sahagún, Primeros Memoriales, 71.
4. Durán, Book of Gods, 149, 427.
5. Durán, Book of Gods, 100—1.
6. De Landa, Yucatán Before and After, 70—71.
7. Solari, “Plaza, Atrium, and Maya Social Memory,” 198—99.
8. Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 221; Tedlock, Time and the Highland Maya, 178.
9. Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 498.
10. Stuart, Order of Days, 82—83.
11. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 302—3; Foster, Handbook to Life, 28.
12. Carter, “An Innovative Ritual,” 1; Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 302; and León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 117—18.
13. Taube, “Ancient Maya Calendrics,” 14; Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 302; and León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 117—18.
14. Durán, Historia de las indias, 2:268.
15. Anzaldúa, “Border arte,” 113.
16. Medina, “Nepantla Spirituality,” 284.
17. Turner, The Ritual Process, 97.
18. Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 362—63.
19. Geertz, Interpretation of Cultures, 112—13.
1. THE SOUL
1. Gossen, “Animal Souls,” 81.
2. Furst, Natural History, 171; Álvarez Esteban, “La entidada animica,” 5.
3. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 171; Álvarez Esteban, “La entidada animica,” 5; Houston and Cummins, “Body, Presence, and Space,” 365; Foster, Handbook to Life, 187.
4. Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 45; López-Austin, Human Body, 1:348.
5. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 171; Houston and Cummins, “Body, Presence, and Space,” 365; Furst, Natural History, 110; León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 169—70.
6. Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 45; Echeverría García, “Tonalli,” 188—89.
7. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 171; Echeverría García, “Tonalli,” 179.
8. Gossen, “Animal Souls,” 81—82.
9. Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 60, citing López-Austin, Human Body, 1:222—24.
10. Furst, Natural History, 176, 180.
11. Furst, Natural History, 65; citing López-Austin, Cuerpo humano, 1:208.
12. Furst, Natural History, 65, 155.
13. Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 45, 271; citing López-Austin, Human Body, 1:348; Furst, Natural History, 126.
14. Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 424.
15. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 114; Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 172.
16. Furst, Natural History, 17, 74.
17. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 172.
18. Furst, Natural History, 180—83; Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 45, citing López-Austin, Human Body, 1:348.
19. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 172; Furst, Natural History, 155.
20. Furst, Natural History, 168—69.
21. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 172; and Furst, Natural History, 143.
22. Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 151.
23. Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 272, 276.
24. Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 214.
25. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 171, 300.
26. Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 180; Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 134.
27. Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 271, 424.
28. Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 53.
29. Furst, Natural History, 113.
30. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 171.
31. Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 152—54, 171.
32. Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 152.
33. Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 153; Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 60—61.
34. Echeverría García, “Tonalli,” 185—86.
35. Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 131.
36. Echeverría García, “Tonalli,” 188—90.
37. Echeverría García, “Tonalli,” 180.
38. Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 33, 222.
39. Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 152—54.
40. Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 147, citing Ruiz de Alarcón, Aztec Sorcerers, 223—29.
41. Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 233.
42. Ruiz de Alarcón, Aztec Sorcerers, 217.
43. Ruiz de Alarcón, Aztec Sorcerers, 224, 228.
44. Taube, Major Gods, 8; Houston and Stuart, “Gods, Glyphs, and Kings,” 289—312.
45. Freidel, Schele, and Parker, Maya Cosmos, 270—71.
46. Stuart, “The Fire Enters,” 373—95; Foster, Handbook to Life, 187.
47. Foster, Handbook to Life, 203.
48. Foster, Handbook to Life, 203; Álvarez Esteban, “La entidada animica,” 5; Houston and Cummins, “Body, Presence, and Space,” 364; Taube, “Flower Mountain,” 72; and Stuart, “The Fire Enters,” 396.
49. Foster, Handbook to Life, 193.
50. Scherer, Mortuary Landscapes, 56—58; Taube, “At Dawn’s Edge,” 147; Freidel, Schele, and Parker, Maya Cosmos, 245.
51. Freidel, Schele, and Parker, Maya Cosmos, 245.
52. Scherer, Mortuary Landscapes, 56.
53. Stuart, Order of Days, 72; see also Vogt, Tortillas for the Gods, 46—50.
54. Freidel, Schele, and Parker, Maya Cosmos, 270.
55. Taube, “Flower Mountain,” 72.
56. Gossen, “Animal Souls,” 95—95; Freidel, Schele, and Parker, Maya Cosmos, 181—82, 270.
57. Houston and Cummins, “Body, Presence, and Space,” 364.
58. Foster, Handbook to Life, 143.
59. Foster, Handbook to Life, 203, 211.
60. Scherer, Mortuary Landscapes, 73.
61. Scherer, Mortuary Landscapes, 60.
62. Scherer, Mortuary Landscapes, 121.
63. Foster, Handbook to Life, 185.
64. Taube, “Flower Mountain,” 84—86.
65. Foster, Handbook to Life, 28.
66. Ashmore, “Site-Planning Principles,” 200.
67. Christenson, Popol Vuh, 57, 39.
68. Christenson, Popol Vuh, 57n., 44.
69. Taube, “Flower Mountain,” 73; citing Vogt, Zinacantan, 368.
70. Taube, “Flower Mountain,” 70—71; Taube, “Climbing Flower Mountain,” 154—57.
71. Houston and Cummins, “Body, Presence, and Space,” 370.
72. Taube, “At Dawn’s Edge,” 156.
73. Houston, Stuart, Taube, Memory of Bones, 141.
74. Taube, “Flower Mountain,” 72—73, 78.
75. Scherer, Mortuary Landscapes, 76.
76. Foster, Handbook to Life, 208.
77. Houston, Stuart, Taube, Memory of Bones, 276.
78. Houston, Stuart, Taube, Memory of Bones, 270; Taube, “Symbolism of Jade,” 74.
79. Houston, Stuart, Taube, Memory of Bones, 276.
80. Dale, The Subtle Body, 245—47; Sturgess, Book of Chakras, 71; McLaren, Your Aura, 144.
81. Sturgess, Book of Chakras, 73—74; McLaren, Your Aura, 151—52; Dale, Subtle Body, 252—53; Villoldo, Mending the Past, 5.
82. Sturgess, Book of Chakras, 76—77; McLaren, Your Aura, 158—59; Dale, Subtle Body, 255—56.
83. Sturgess, Book of Chakras, 79—80; McLaren, Your Aura, 171—74; Dale, Subtle Body, 255—56; Villoldo, Mending the Past, 5.
84. Sturgess, Book of Chakras, 82—83; McLaren, Your Aura, 184—85; Dale, Subtle Body, 260—61; Villoldo, Mending the Past, 6.
85. Sturgess, Book of Chakras, 87—90; McLaren, Your Aura, 192—93; Dale, Subtle Body, 262—63; Villoldo, Mending the Past, 6.
86. Sturgess, Book of Chakras, 91—96; McLaren, Your Aura, 204—6; Dale, Subtle Body, 262—63; Villoldo, Mending the Past, 6.
87. Sturgess, Book of Chakras, 96—100; McLaren, Your Aura, 214—16; Dale, Subtle Body, 267—68; Villoldo, Mending the Past, 6—7.
2. OUR SACRED CENTER AND TRANCE-JOURNEYING
1. Foster, Handbook to Life, 28—29, 160; Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 138.
2. Brady and Ashmore, “Mountains, Caves, Water,” 140.
3. Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 81, 107—08; Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 43; Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 228.
4. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 7, 26, 33—34.
5. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 33—34.
6. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 46.
7. Soustelle, Daily Life, 111.
8. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 1:84.
9. Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 107—8, citing Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 6:88—89.
10. Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 81.
11. Soustelle, Daily Life, 123.
12. Burkhart, “Mexica Women,” 42.
13. Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 43, citing Carrasco, Quetzalcoatl, 71; Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 228.
14. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 228.
15. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 228.
16. Foster, Handbook to Life, 160; Freidel, Schele, Parker, Maya Cosmos, 66—67; Taube, “Gateways to Another World,” 82.
17. Taube, “Gateways to Another World,” 82.
18. Laughton, Exploring the Life, 100.
19. Foster, Handbook to Life, 160; Laughton, Exploring the Life, 94.
20. Freidel, Schele, and Parker, Maya Cosmos, 66.
21. Foster, Handbook to Life, 172.
22. Freidel, Schele, and Parker, Maya Cosmos, 67; Foster, Handbook to Life, 337.
23. Foster, Handbook to Life, 160.
24. Brady and Ashmore, “Mountains, Caves, Water,” 126.
25. Foster, Handbook to Life, 29.
26. Foster, Handbook to Life, 178.
27. Foster, Handbook to Life, 180—82.
28. Harner, Way of the Shaman, 52.
29. Coe and Van Stone, Reading the Maya Glyphs, 15.
30. Dale, Subtle Body Practice Manual, 231.
31. Dale, Subtle Body Practice Manual, 232.
3. LOCATING LOST SOUL PIECES
1. Foster, Handbook to Life, 28—29.
2. Foster, Handbook to Life, 159; León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 49, 53, 57; Stuart, Order of Days, 87.
3. Foster, Handbook to Life, 161.
4. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 31.
5. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 138.
6. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 304; Foster, Handbook to Life, 160.
7. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 124.
8. Foster, Handbook to Life, 178.
9. Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 70; Foster, Handbook to Life, 178.
10. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 4—5:101, n.1.
11. Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 69—70.
12. Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 49.
13. Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 271; Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 45, citing López-Austin, Human Body, 1:348; Furst, Natural History, 126.
14. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 50.
15. Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 506.
16. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 50.
17. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 50.
18. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 138.
19. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 51.
20. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 52; Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 303.
21. Burkhart, “Flowery Heaven,” 99; Taube, “Flower Mountain,” 80.
22. Miller and Taube, Illustrated Dictionary, 183—84; Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 6:175.
23. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 28; Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 43, citing Carrasco, Quetzalcoatl, 71.
24. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 220.
25. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 220.
26. Durán, Book of Gods, 78.
27. Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 110.
28. Echeverría García, “Tonalli,” 188—90.
29. Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 153; Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 60—61.
30. Sahagún, Primeros memoriales, 176.
31. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 124; Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 139.
32. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 139.
33. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 165; Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 3:41
34. Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 49; Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 3:44.
35. Foster, Handbook to Life, 159.
36. Laughton, Exploring the Life, 94; Foster, Handbook to Life, 161.
37. Foster, Handbook to Life, 161.
38. De Landa, Yucatán Before and After, 57—58.
39. Taube, “Flower Mountain,” 80.
40. Taube, “Flower Mountain,” 80—82; Taube, “At Dawn’s Edge,” 147.
41. Ashmore, “Site-Planning Principles,” 201—2; Coe, “Ideology of the Maya Tomb,” 235; Miller, “Tikal, Guatemala,” 7—8.
42. Miller and Taube, Illustrated Dictionary, 56—57, 58, 119—21; Foster, Handbook to Life, 159, 162.
43. Taube, “Flower Mountain,” 70—72.
44. Stuart, Order of Days, 90; Foster, Handbook to Life, 161; Brady and Ashmore, “Mountains, Caves, Water,” 127.
45. Laughton, Exploring the Life, 63.
46. Bernatz, “Redefining God L,” 147; Christenson, Popol Vuh, 115—17, 119—27, 160—86.
47. Scherer, Mortuary Landscapes, 47.
48. León-Portilla et al., Language of Kings, 426—33.
49. Stuart, Order of Days, 90; Roys, Ritual of the Bacabs, 146.
50. Stuart, Order of Days, 90.
51. Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 139; Coe, “Death and the Ancient Maya,” 89.
4. SOUL RETRIEVAL WORK
1. Gossen, “Animal Souls,” 85.
2. Gossen, “Animal Souls,” 81—82.
3. López-Austin, Human Body, 1:226, 251.
4. López-Austin, “Cuarenta clases,” 98—99.
5. López-Austin, Cuerpo humano, 1:226.
6. López-Austin, Cuerpo humano, 1:251.
7. López-Austin, “Cuarenta clases,” 98—99; Cuerpo humano, 1:424.
8. Olivier, Mockeries and Metamorphoses, 38.
9. López-Austin, Cuerpo humano, 1:422—23.
10. Durán, Book of Gods, 65—68, n.15, 68.
11. López-Austin, Cuerpo humano, 1:419.
12. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 4—5:101.
13. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 4—5:101—02; Furst, Natural History, 180—83; Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 45; López-Austin, Human Body, 1:192, 348.
14. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 4—5:43, 101—02.
15. López-Austin, Cuerpo humano, 1:419; Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 4—5:42.
16. Mexicolore, “God of the Month,” 1.
17. Fernández, Dioses prehispánicos de México, 142.
18. Scherer, Mortuary Landscapes, 15; López Olivia, “Decapitación way,” 51, 55; Velásquez García, “Nuevas ideas,” 577—78.
19. López-Austin, Cuerpo humano, 1:427—28.
20. Houston and Stuart, “The Way Glyph,” 454—55.
21. Velásquez García, “Nuevas ideas,” 567; Gossen, “Animal Souls,” 98; Houston and Stuart, “The Way Glyph,” 454.
22. Scherer, Mortuary Landscapes, 15; Foster, Handbook to Life, 179.
23. Houston and Stuart, “The Way Glyph,” 462; Stuart, “The Way Beings,” 1.
24. Houston and Stuart, “Gods, Glyphs, and Kings,” 292.
25. Álvarez Esteban, “La entidada animica,” 15.
26. Asensio, “Iconografía,” 264.
27. Blainey, “Techniques of Luminosity,” 183.
28. Velásquez García, “Nuevas ideas,” 565.
29. Gossen, “Animal Souls,” 81—82; Velásquez García, “Nuevas ideas,” 578.
30. López Olivia, “Decapitación way,” 49, 51; Álvarez Esteban, “La entidada animica,” 6; Velásquez García, “Nuevas ideas,” 568; Foster, Handbook to Life, 179.
31. Taube, “Ancient and Contemporary Maya,” 475—77.
32. Foster, Handbook to Life, 190; López Olivia, “Decapitación way,” 48.
33. Foster, Handbook to Life, 179.
34. Blainey, “Techniques of Luminosity,” 182.
35. López Olivia, “Decapitación way,” 50.
36. Velásquez García, “Nuevas ideas,” 561.
37. López-Austin, Cuerpo humano, 1:427—28.
38. Taube, “Maws of Heaven and Hell,” 419, 422.
5. THE SOUTH
1. Laughton, Exploring the Life, 63.
2. Durán, Book of Gods, 243.
3. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 138.
4. Soustelle, Daily Life, 111; Durán, Book of Gods, 393.
5. Durán, Book of Gods, 393.
6. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 303.
7. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 4—5:23.
8. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 4—5:55—57.
9. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 4—5:83.
10. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 84.
11. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 11—12, 133.
12. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 303; Soustelle, Daily Life, 111.
13. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 148.
14. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 126.
15. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 148.
16. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 149; Miller and Taube, Illustrated Dictionary, 113.
17. Smith, The Aztecs, 206.
18. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 149—50, 295; Miller and Taube, Illustrated Dictionary, 166.
19. Mexicolore, “God of the Month,” 1.
20. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 125.
21. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 147.
22. Sahagún, Primeros Memoriales, 101.
23. Miller and Taube, Illustrated Dictionary, 40.
24. Hopkins and Josserand, “Directions and Partitions,” 1, 14.
25. Hopkins and Josserand, “Directions and Partitions,” 14; Furbee and Jiménez, “Disarticulated Dual Seasons,” 69.
26. Hopkins and Josserand, “Directions and Partitions,” 13.
27. Ashmore, “Site-Planning Principles,” 201—2; Ashmore, “Deciphering Maya Architectural Plans,” 176; Scherer, Mortuary Landscapes, 54—55.
28. Scherer, Mortuary Landscapes, 17.
29. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 49.
30. Ashmore, “Site-Planning Principles,” 201—2; Ashmore, “Deciphering Maya Architectural Plans,” 176.
31. Ashmore, “Deciphering Maya Architectural Plans,” 176—77.
32. Ashmore, “Site-Planning Principles,” 205.
33. Stuart, Order of Days, 90; Foster, Handbook to Life, 161; Brady and Ashmore, “Mountains, Caves, Water,” 127; Ashmore, “Site-Planning Principles,” 203.
34. Stuart, Order of Days, 90; Foster, Handbook to Life, 161; Brady and Ashmore, “Mountains, Caves, Water,” 127.
35. Houston and Stuart, “Gods, Glyphs, and Kings,” 296; Scherer, Mortuary Landscapes, 17.
36. Scherer, Mortuary Landscapes, 17.
37. Martin, Berrin, and Miller, Courtly Art, 57.
38. Werness-Rude and Spencer, Imagery, Architecture, and Activity, 33.
39. Zender, “Study of Classic Maya Priesthood,” 69; Martin, Berrin, and Miller, Courtly Art, 57.
40. Foster, Handbook to Life, 204.
41. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 124. De Landa, Yucatán Before and After, 66—67.
42. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 124.
43. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 66.
44. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 81.
45. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 84—85.
46. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 87—88.
47. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 75.
48. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 77.
49. Bernatz, “Redefining God L,” 144, citing Houston, “Classic Maya Religion,” 58.
6. THE WEST
1. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 46; Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 138, 297; Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 203.
2. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 49.
3. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 172.
4. Durán, Book of Gods, 243, n.4; Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 303; León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 110.
5. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 297; Soustelle, Daily Life, 111.
6. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 164; Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 50, 132; Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 1:19.
7. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 303.
8. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 147; Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 7:163.
9. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 173.
10. Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 207.
11. Durán, Book of Gods, 391—92.
12. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 56.
13. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 4—5:10.
14. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 4—5:93.
15. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 4—5:81—82.
16. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 82.
17. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 164; Ortiz de Montellano, Aztec Medicine, 50, 132.
18. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 46; Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 138, 303.
19. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 150.
20. Taube, Legendary Past, 37—39.
21. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 49.
22. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 251.
23. Scherer, Mortuary Landscapes, 132; Taube, “Maws of Heaven and Hell,” 411.
24. Taube, Legendary Past, 53.
25. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 11.
26. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 124; De Landa, Yucatán Before and After, 65—66.
27. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 73—74.
28. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 83; Taube, Major Gods, 99, 101, 103, 105.
29. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 87.
30. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 77.
31. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 80.
32. Smith, The Aztecs, 206; Taube, Legendary Past, 52-53.
33. Martin, Berrin, and Miller, Courtly Art, 59—60.
34. Bernatz, “Redefining God L,” 166—68.
35. Bernatz, “Redefining God L,” 168.
36. Bernatz, “Redefining God L,” 168.
37. Martin, Berrin, and Miller, Courtly Art, 59.
38. Martin, Berrin, and Miller, Courtly Art, 60.
39. Bernatz, “Redefining God L,” 167.
40. Martin, Berrin, and Miller, Courtly Art, 61.
7. THE NORTH
1. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 54—55.
2. Foster, Handbook to Life, 160.
3. Scherer, Mortuary Landscapes, 197, 219; Bernatz, “Redefining God L,” 151; Watanabe, “In the World of the Sun,” 712—13; Wren, Nygard, and Shaw, “Shifting Spatial Nexus,” 310.
4. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 54—55.
5. Furst, Natural History, 25—26; Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 6:144; León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 127.
6. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 125.
7. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 165, 302.
8. Sahagún, Primeros Memoriales, 181; León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 35, 46—47; Soustelle, Daily Life, 111.
9. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 71.
10. Durán, Book of Gods, 243; Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 149, 296; León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 126.
11. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 3:49; León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 126; Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 149, 296.
12. Taube, “Flower Mountain,” 87; Bierhorst, Cantares Mexicanos, 22.
13. Durán, Book of Gods, 391—92.
14. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 56.
15. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 82.
16. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 4—5:33—35.
17. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 4—5:77, 79.
18. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 4—5:87—89.
19. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 4—5:101—104.
20. Ashmore, “Site-Planning Principles,” 212.
21. Wren, Nygard, and Shaw, “Shifting Spatial Nexus,” 310; Werness-Rude and Spencer, Imagery, Architecture, and Activity, 14; Taube, “At Dawn’s Edge,” 147; Olton, “Spaces of Transformation,” 299—300.
22. Werness-Rude and Spencer, Imagery, Architecture, and Activity, 14; Taube, “At Dawn’s Edge,” 147; Scherer, Mortuary Landscapes, 197, 219.
23. Taube, “At Dawn’s Edge,” 170, 182.
24. Taube, “At Dawn’s Edge,” 147.
25. Ashmore, “Site-Planning Principles,” 216; Wren, Nygard, and Shaw, “Shifting Spatial Nexus,” 311—12.
26. Scherer, Mortuary Landscapes, 197.
27. Ashmore, “Site-Planning Principles,” 201.
28. Olton, “Spaces of Transformation,” 299—300.
29. Freidel, Schele, and Parker, Maya Cosmos, 156.
30. Freidel, Schele, and Parker, Maya Cosmos, 71, 75.
31. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 124; De Landa, Yucatán Before and After, 65—66.
32. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 73.
33. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 78—79.
34. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 89.
8. THE EAST
1. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 6:162; De Landa, Yucatán Before and After, 57—58.
2. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 56, 117; Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 203; Foster, Handbook to Life, 159; Hopkins and Josserand, “Directions and Partitions,” 9.
3. León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 35, 46-47.
4. Soustelle, Daily Life, 111; Maffie, Aztec Philosophy, 203.
5. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 138; León-Portilla, Aztec Thought, 56, 117.
6. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 295; Durán, Book of Gods, 243; Taube, “At Dawn’s Edge,” 148.
7. Durán, Book of Gods, 392—93.
8. Aguilar-Moreno, Handbook to Life, 302.
9. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 4—5:1—4.
10. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 4—5:29—30.
11. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 4—5:59—60.
12. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 4—5:85.
13. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 45:99—100.
14. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 3:149; 6:162.
15. Taube, “At Dawn’s Edge,” 147, 182.
16. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 6:162.
17. Sahagún, Florentine Codex, 6:13.
18. Burkhart, Before Guadalupe, 16, 150.
19. Foster, Handbook to Life, 159.
20. Hopkins and Josserand, “Directions and Partitions,” 9.
21. Taube, “At Dawn’s Edge,” 148.
22. Aimers and Rice, “Astronomy, Ritual, and Interpretation,” 87; Coggins, “The Shape of Time,” 731.
23. Taube, “At Dawn’s Edge,” 178—79; Scherer, Mortuary Landscapes, 63.
24. Scherer, Mortuary Landscapes, 56; Taube, “Flower Mountain,” 83.
25. Ashmore, “Site-Planning Principles,” 200—201.
26. Aimers and Rice, “Astronomy, Ritual, and Interpretation,” 80, 93.
27. Aimers and Rice, “Astronomy, Ritual, and Interpretation,” 87; Coggins, “The Shape of Time,” 731; Taube, “At Dawn’s Edge,” 170, 182.
28. Taube, “At Dawn’s Edge,” 179.
29. Taube, “Flower Mountain,” 80—82; Taube, “Climbing Flower Mountain,” 163—65.
30. Taube, “At Dawn’s Edge,” 178, 181—83.
31. Scherer, Mortuary Landscapes, 62—63.
32. Taube, “Representaciones del paraíso,” 36.
33. Taube, “Flower Mountain,” 83.
34. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 124; De Landa, Yucatán Before and After, 65—66.
35. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 70—73.
36. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 75.
37. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 77—78.
38. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 81—82.
39. Thompson, Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, 86.